Metal melting and energy saving in different types of melting furnaces
In today’s world, a large proportion of metal smelted from ore or secondary waste is made using melting furnaces that use electricity as a source of energy. Among them are electric arc furnaces, which allow to remelt various alloyed waste, as well as to carry out melting on a carbon charge, which requires complete oxidation of impurities. A straight arc furnace assumes that an electric current is converted into thermal energy due to a fire arc that occurs in the space between the electrodes and the metal to be melted. Nowadays, the arc furnace is a fully automated and highly mechanized system, in which preparation for the next melting requires a minimum of time.
Unlike the previous type of electric furnaces, one of the advantages of the induction melting furnace is the absence of an electric arc, due to which it is possible to produce alloys with a low proportion of carbon, gases and other impurities. The introduction of the latest technologies in such units helps to organize the melting process in compliance with a number of important conditions that are necessary to obtain a high quality alloy. The main factors that determine this process include high temperature, the ability to create in the melting space of induction furnaces acidic, neutral atmosphere or even smelting in an environment close to vacuum.
Where are electric melting furnaces usually used? Equipment of this type is installed at foundries, precision casting sites and repair shops.
For the efficient operation of an arc or induction melting furnace, it is necessary to have three-phase electric current and special transformers that are able to convert alternating current into direct current and provide its appropriate frequency.
The electric induction furnace is designed for casting cast iron and steel alloys of the highest quality. It also melts non-ferrous metals and alloys such as copper, bronze, brass and aluminum. The high temperature level creates an opportunity for processing of refractory metals.
One option is to use solar lights as a source of energy for smelting metal. The use of solar ovens for industrial purposes can be effective even in outer space.
